The TGFB1 gene and its putative association with human ageing

HGNC symbol

TGFB1

Aliases

CED; TGFbeta; TGFB; DPD1

Common name

transforming growth factor, beta 1

Main reason for selection

Entry selected based on indirect or inconclusive evidence linking the gene product to ageing in humans or in one or more model systems

Description

TGFB1 is an important growth factor in development and differentiation. Some evidence suggests TGFB1 is involved in the response to oxidative stress [137]. In roundworms, it has been argued that a TGFB signalling pathway acts downstream of other signals to repress body size and lifespan [1703]. Mutations in TGFB1 have been linked to several pathologies in humans [500], and a polymorphism in this gene has been associated with human longevity [1254]. Nonetheless, it is unclear if/how TGFB1 influences human ageing.

Cytogenetic band

19q13.1

Location

41,330,531 bp to 41,353,933 bp

Orientation

Minus strand

Gene Ontology

Process:

GO:0000060; protein import into nucleus, translocation
GO:0000122; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0000165; MAPK cascade
GO:0001570; vasculogenesis
GO:0001657; ureteric bud development
GO:0001666; response to hypoxia
GO:0001837; epithelial to mesenchymal transition
GO:0001843; neural tube closure
GO:0001933; negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO:0001934; positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO:0002028; regulation of sodium ion transport
GO:0002062; chondrocyte differentiation
GO:0002244; hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation
GO:0002248; connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing
GO:0002460; adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains
GO:0002513; tolerance induction to self antigen
GO:0002576; platelet degranulation
GO:0003179; heart valve morphogenesis
GO:0006468; protein phosphorylation
GO:0006611; protein export from nucleus
GO:0006754; ATP biosynthetic process
GO:0006796; phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
GO:0006874; cellular calcium ion homeostasis
GO:0006954; inflammatory response
GO:0007050; cell cycle arrest
GO:0007093; mitotic cell cycle checkpoint
GO:0007173; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007179; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007182; common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation
GO:0007183; SMAD protein complex assembly
GO:0007184; SMAD protein import into nucleus
GO:0007219; Notch signaling pathway
GO:0007406; negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation
GO:0007435; salivary gland morphogenesis
GO:0007492; endoderm development
GO:0007507; heart development
GO:0007565; female pregnancy
GO:0007568; aging
GO:0008156; negative regulation of DNA replication
GO:0008284; positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0008285; negative regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0008354; germ cell migration
GO:0009611; response to wounding
GO:0009749; response to glucose
GO:0009817; defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction
GO:0010575; positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
GO:0010628; positive regulation of gene expression
GO:0010629; negative regulation of gene expression
GO:0010716; negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly
GO:0010718; positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
GO:0010742; macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
GO:0010763; positive regulation of fibroblast migration
GO:0010800; positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
GO:0010862; positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
GO:0010936; negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production
GO:0014003; oligodendrocyte development
GO:0016049; cell growth
GO:0016202; regulation of striated muscle tissue development
GO:0016477; cell migration
GO:0017015; regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
GO:0019049; evasion or tolerance of host defenses by virus
GO:0021915; neural tube development
GO:0022408; negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion
GO:0030214; hyaluronan catabolic process
GO:0030279; negative regulation of ossification
GO:0030308; negative regulation of cell growth
GO:0030334; regulation of cell migration
GO:0030335; positive regulation of cell migration
GO:0030501; positive regulation of bone mineralization
GO:0030512; negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
GO:0031065; positive regulation of histone deacetylation
GO:0031293; membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis
GO:0031334; positive regulation of protein complex assembly
GO:0031536; positive regulation of exit from mitosis
GO:0031663; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0032270; positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process
GO:0032355; response to estradiol
GO:0032570; response to progesterone
GO:0032667; regulation of interleukin-23 production
GO:0032700; negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
GO:0032740; positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
GO:0032801; receptor catabolic process
GO:0032930; positive regulation of superoxide anion generation
GO:0032943; mononuclear cell proliferation
GO:0032967; positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
GO:0033138; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO:0033280; response to vitamin D
GO:0034616; response to laminar fluid shear stress
GO:0035066; positive regulation of histone acetylation
GO:0035307; positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation
GO:0035902; response to immobilization stress
GO:0042130; negative regulation of T cell proliferation
GO:0042306; regulation of protein import into nucleus
GO:0042307; positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
GO:0042482; positive regulation of odontogenesis
GO:0042493; response to drug
GO:0042552; myelination
GO:0042981; regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043011; myeloid dendritic cell differentiation
GO:0043029; T cell homeostasis
GO:0043065; positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043117; positive regulation of vascular permeability
GO:0043406; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
GO:0043491; protein kinase B signaling
GO:0043536; positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
GO:0043537; negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
GO:0043552; positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
GO:0043932; ossification involved in bone remodeling
GO:0045066; regulatory T cell differentiation
GO:0045216; cell-cell junction organization
GO:0045591; positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation
GO:0045596; negative regulation of cell differentiation
GO:0045599; negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
GO:0045662; negative regulation of myoblast differentiation
GO:0045786; negative regulation of cell cycle
GO:0045892; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045893; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045930; negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
GO:0045944; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0046732; active induction of host immune response by virus
GO:0048146; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation
GO:0048298; positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes
GO:0048535; lymph node development
GO:0048565; digestive tract development
GO:0048642; negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development
GO:0048839; inner ear development
GO:0050679; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
GO:0050680; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
GO:0050714; positive regulation of protein secretion
GO:0050731; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO:0050765; negative regulation of phagocytosis
GO:0050921; positive regulation of chemotaxis
GO:0051092; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
GO:0051098; regulation of binding
GO:0051101; regulation of DNA binding
GO:0051152; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation
GO:0051280; negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
GO:0051781; positive regulation of cell division
GO:0051897; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
GO:0055010; ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis
GO:0060312; regulation of blood vessel remodeling
GO:0060325; face morphogenesis
GO:0060364; frontal suture morphogenesis
GO:0060389; pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
GO:0060390; regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus
GO:0060391; positive regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus
GO:0060395; SMAD protein signal transduction
GO:0060744; mammary gland branching involved in thelarche
GO:0060751; branch elongation involved in mammary gland duct branching
GO:0060762; regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis
GO:0060965; negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA
GO:0061035; regulation of cartilage development
GO:0070306; lens fiber cell differentiation
GO:0070374; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0070723; response to cholesterol
GO:0071158; positive regulation of cell cycle arrest
GO:0071260; cellular response to mechanical stimulus
GO:0071407; cellular response to organic cyclic compound
GO:0071479; cellular response to ionizing radiation
GO:0071549; cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus
GO:0071560; cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus
GO:0071677; positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration
GO:0085029; extracellular matrix assembly
GO:0090190; positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
GO:0097191; extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:0097421; liver regeneration
GO:1900126; negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process
GO:1901203; positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly
GO:1901666; positive regulation of NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO:1902895; positive regulation of pri-miRNA transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:1903077; negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane
GO:1903799; negative regulation of production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA
GO:1903911; positive regulation of receptor clustering
GO:1905005; regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation
GO:1905313; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway involved in heart development
GO:1990314; cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus
GO:1990402; embryonic liver development
GO:2000249; regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization
GO:2000679; positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding
GO:2000727; positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation

Cellular component:

GO:0005576; extracellular region
GO:0005578; proteinaceous extracellular matrix
GO:0005615; extracellular space
GO:0005634; nucleus
GO:0005737; cytoplasm
GO:0005796; Golgi lumen
GO:0005886; plasma membrane
GO:0005902; microvillus
GO:0009986; cell surface
GO:0030424; axon
GO:0031012; extracellular matrix
GO:0031093; platelet alpha granule lumen
GO:0043025; neuronal cell body
GO:0072562; blood microparticle

Function:

GO:0001948; glycoprotein binding
GO:0003823; antigen binding
GO:0005114; type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
GO:0005125; cytokine activity
GO:0005160; transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
GO:0005515; protein binding
GO:0008083; growth factor activity
GO:0019899; enzyme binding
GO:0034713; type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
GO:0034714; type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
GO:0042803; protein homodimerization activity
GO:0043539; protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity
GO:0046982; protein heterodimerization activity
GO:0047485; protein N-terminus binding

Hide GO terms

Protein-protein interacting partners in GenAge

APP

STRING interaction network