The CTNNB1 gene and its putative association with human ageing

HGNC symbol

CTNNB1

Aliases

beta-catenin; armadillo; CTNNB

Common name

catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa

Main reason for selection

Entry selected based on evidence showing that the gene product to be a target of genes previously linked to ageing

Description

CTNNB1, also known as beta-catenin, is a member of the adherens junctions proteins, involved in epithelial layers that mediate adhesion between cells, cell communication, growth, embryogenesis, and wound healing.

In roundworms, CTNNB1 has been associated with FOXO in oxidative stress signalling [1358]. In mice with a conditional mutation in CTNNB1 in the epidermis and hair follicles, if CTNNB1 was deleted, hair was completely lost after the first hair cycle, and without CTNNB1 skin stem cells failed to differentiate [1359]. CTNNB1 is also involved in Wnt signalling, which could play a role in adult stem cell self-renewal [1364]. Engraftment of young haematopoietic cells into old mice reverses the aged fracture phenotype and diminished osteoblastic differentiation capacity of old mice. CTNNB1 signalling was found to be important in this process. Temporal reduction of CTNNB1 during early fracture repair has been found to improve bone healing in old mice [4334].

Mutations in CTNNB1 have been associated with cancer in human patients [1362]. A role for CTNNB1 in human ageing is plausible though unconfirmed.

Cytogenetic band

3p21

Location

41,199,451 bp to 41,240,448 bp

Orientation

Plus strand

Gene Ontology

Process:

GO:0000122; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0000578; embryonic axis specification
GO:0000904; cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation
GO:0001569; branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis
GO:0001658; branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
GO:0001701; in utero embryonic development
GO:0001702; gastrulation with mouth forming second
GO:0001708; cell fate specification
GO:0001711; endodermal cell fate commitment
GO:0001764; neuron migration
GO:0001837; epithelial to mesenchymal transition
GO:0001840; neural plate development
GO:0002052; positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation
GO:0002053; positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation
GO:0002089; lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye
GO:0003266; regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation
GO:0003338; metanephros morphogenesis
GO:0003340; negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis
GO:0006351; transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0007155; cell adhesion
GO:0007160; cell-matrix adhesion
GO:0007223; Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway
GO:0007268; chemical synaptic transmission
GO:0007398; ectoderm development
GO:0007403; glial cell fate determination
GO:0008285; negative regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0009948; anterior/posterior axis specification
GO:0009950; dorsal/ventral axis specification
GO:0009954; proximal/distal pattern formation
GO:0010718; positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
GO:0010909; positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process
GO:0016055; Wnt signaling pathway
GO:0016337; single organismal cell-cell adhesion
GO:0019827; stem cell population maintenance
GO:0021819; layer formation in cerebral cortex
GO:0022009; central nervous system vasculogenesis
GO:0030316; osteoclast differentiation
GO:0030521; androgen receptor signaling pathway
GO:0030539; male genitalia development
GO:0030902; hindbrain development
GO:0030997; regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion
GO:0031016; pancreas development
GO:0031069; hair follicle morphogenesis
GO:0031641; regulation of myelination
GO:0032212; positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase
GO:0032331; negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation
GO:0032355; response to estradiol
GO:0032481; positive regulation of type I interferon production
GO:0033077; T cell differentiation in thymus
GO:0033234; negative regulation of protein sumoylation
GO:0034333; adherens junction assembly
GO:0034394; protein localization to cell surface
GO:0035050; embryonic heart tube development
GO:0035112; genitalia morphogenesis
GO:0035115; embryonic forelimb morphogenesis
GO:0035116; embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis
GO:0035315; hair cell differentiation
GO:0035411; catenin import into nucleus
GO:0036023; embryonic skeletal limb joint morphogenesis
GO:0042129; regulation of T cell proliferation
GO:0042475; odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth
GO:0042493; response to drug
GO:0042733; embryonic digit morphogenesis
GO:0043065; positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043123; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling
GO:0043161; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
GO:0043410; positive regulation of MAPK cascade
GO:0043525; positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
GO:0044334; canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
GO:0044336; canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0045453; bone resorption
GO:0045603; positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation
GO:0045669; positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
GO:0045671; negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation
GO:0045743; positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
GO:0045765; regulation of angiogenesis
GO:0045892; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045893; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045944; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0045976; negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic
GO:0048096; chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription
GO:0048145; regulation of fibroblast proliferation
GO:0048469; cell maturation
GO:0048489; synaptic vesicle transport
GO:0048538; thymus development
GO:0048599; oocyte development
GO:0048617; embryonic foregut morphogenesis
GO:0048643; positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development
GO:0048660; regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
GO:0048715; negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO:0050767; regulation of neurogenesis
GO:0050808; synapse organization
GO:0051091; positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
GO:0051145; smooth muscle cell differentiation
GO:0051149; positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation
GO:0051571; positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation
GO:0051973; positive regulation of telomerase activity
GO:0060066; oviduct development
GO:0060070; canonical Wnt signaling pathway
GO:0060440; trachea formation
GO:0060441; epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis
GO:0060479; lung cell differentiation
GO:0060484; lung-associated mesenchyme development
GO:0060492; lung induction
GO:0060742; epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate gland development
GO:0060769; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development
GO:0060789; hair follicle placode formation
GO:0060916; mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development
GO:0061154; endothelial tube morphogenesis
GO:0061198; fungiform papilla formation
GO:0061324; canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of cardiac outflow tract cell proliferation
GO:0061549; sympathetic ganglion development
GO:0061550; cranial ganglion development
GO:0070602; regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion
GO:0071363; cellular response to growth factor stimulus
GO:0071681; cellular response to indole-3-methanol
GO:0072033; renal vesicle formation
GO:0072053; renal inner medulla development
GO:0072054; renal outer medulla development
GO:0072079; nephron tubule formation
GO:0072182; regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation
GO:0090279; regulation of calcium ion import
GO:1903204; negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death
GO:1904501; positive regulation of chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription
GO:1904793; regulation of euchromatin binding
GO:1904798; positive regulation of core promoter binding
GO:1904837; beta-catenin-TCF complex assembly
GO:1904886; beta-catenin destruction complex disassembly
GO:1904888; cranial skeletal system development
GO:1904948; midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation
GO:1904954; canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation
GO:1990403; embryonic brain development
GO:1990791; dorsal root ganglion development
GO:2000008; regulation of protein localization to cell surface
GO:2000017; positive regulation of determination of dorsal identity
GO:2000144; positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation
GO:2001234; negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway

Cellular component:

GO:0000922; spindle pole
GO:0005634; nucleus
GO:0005654; nucleoplasm
GO:0005667; transcription factor complex
GO:0005719; nuclear euchromatin
GO:0005737; cytoplasm
GO:0005813; centrosome
GO:0005829; cytosol
GO:0005886; plasma membrane
GO:0005911; cell-cell junction
GO:0005912; adherens junction
GO:0005913; cell-cell adherens junction
GO:0005916; fascia adherens
GO:0005923; bicellular tight junction
GO:0005925; focal adhesion
GO:0005938; cell cortex
GO:0016020; membrane
GO:0016323; basolateral plasma membrane
GO:0016328; lateral plasma membrane
GO:0016342; catenin complex
GO:0016600; flotillin complex
GO:0030018; Z disc
GO:0030027; lamellipodium
GO:0030054; cell junction
GO:0030877; beta-catenin destruction complex
GO:0031528; microvillus membrane
GO:0032993; protein-DNA complex
GO:0034750; Scrib-APC-beta-catenin complex
GO:0043234; protein complex
GO:0045177; apical part of cell
GO:0048471; perinuclear region of cytoplasm
GO:0070062; extracellular exosome
GO:0070369; beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex
GO:0071944; cell periphery
GO:1990907; beta-catenin-TCF complex
GO:1990909; Wnt signalosome

Function:

GO:0001085; RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding
GO:0001102; RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding
GO:0003682; chromatin binding
GO:0003690; double-stranded DNA binding
GO:0003700; transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0003713; transcription coactivator activity
GO:0004871; signal transducer activity
GO:0005515; protein binding
GO:0008022; protein C-terminus binding
GO:0008134; transcription factor binding
GO:0019899; enzyme binding
GO:0019900; kinase binding
GO:0019901; protein kinase binding
GO:0019903; protein phosphatase binding
GO:0030331; estrogen receptor binding
GO:0035257; nuclear hormone receptor binding
GO:0044212; transcription regulatory region DNA binding
GO:0044325; ion channel binding
GO:0045294; alpha-catenin binding
GO:0045296; cadherin binding
GO:0046332; SMAD binding
GO:0046982; protein heterodimerization activity
GO:0050681; androgen receptor binding
GO:0070411; I-SMAD binding
GO:0070491; repressing transcription factor binding
GO:0098641; cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion

Hide GO terms

Protein-protein interacting partners in GenAge